TOP 10 COMPUTER VIRUSES

TOP 10 COMPUTER VIRUSES

Name: I Love You

Description:It took your contacts from your Outlook list. If you saw the e-mail message "I LOVE  YOU" and opened it, it would copy and send out the message again and again. Recipients, who didn't know what was happening, would execute the document only to have most of their files overwritten.
Type: Script Virus

Creator/Author: Onel De Guzman

Date Discovered: May 2000

Place of Origin: Philippines

Source of Language: Assembly

Platform: MsW

File Type: .vbs

Infection Length: commonly 512 bytes in length.

Reported Cost: $5.5 billion to $8.7 billion in damages

Name: Melissa

Description: Melissa is a macro virus that appeared in spring of 1999. The virus received a great deal of media attention and like Michelangelo caused little damage, although it was very widespread. Melissa began spreading exactly one month befor CIH released its payload, causing hundreds of millions of dollars in damage in East Asia. It is one of the first viruses to achieve "rock star" status.
Type: Word macro virus

Creator/Author: "Kwyjibo"

Date Discovered: 1999.03.26

Place of Origin: Aberdeen, New Jersey USA

Source of Language: Visual Basic

Platform: MS Word on MS Windows

File Type: .doc

Infection Length: 1 macro module

Reported Cost: $1.1 billion

Name: Sadmind worm

Description:  a computer worm that caused a denial of service on some Internet hosts and dramatically slowed down general Internet traffic as easy as shutting the system down.
Type: Malware

Creator/Author:  David Smith

Date Discovered: 2003.01.25

Place of Origin:  Indonesia

Source of Language: Assembly

Platform: Ms Windows

File Type: UDP packet*

Infection Length: 404 bytes

Reported Cost: $1.2 billion

Name: Sasser

Description: It creates and executes a script file on the target named cmd.ftp, which causes the target computer to download Sasser from a worm-created FTP server on the infecting computer. The worm will be saved to the system folder. The downloaded file will have a file name of four or 
five random numbers, followed by _up.exe.
Type: Internet Worm

Creator/Author: Sven Jaschan

Date Discovered: 2004.04.30

Place of Origin: Waffensen, Germany 

Source of Language: C++

Platform: MS Windows

File Type: .exe

Infection Length: 15,872

Reported Cost: $18.1 billion

Name: Nimda

Description:  is one of the first worms capable of running itself without the user even opening the email. It is also the first to modify sites to offer copies of itself for download. It also has a viral component that infects executable files.
Type: Multi-vector worm

Creator/Author: [unknown]

Date Discovered: 2001.09.18

Place of Origin: China

Source of Language: C++

Platform: MsWindows

File Type: .exe

Infection Length: 27136 bytes

Reported Cost: $2.6 billion

Name: Code red

Description: This is yet another highly widespread and damaging virus (which was, incidentally, named after a short-lived Mountain Dew variant) that has infected as many as three hundred sixty thousand computers in just one day. It's also the most difficult virus to remove in a system, because it can easily re-infect a machine that has just been cleaned. The amounts of resources and IT personnel time it ate up were also staggering.
Type: Internet Worm

Creator/Author: [unknown]

Date Discovered: 2001.07.13

Place of Origin: China

Source of Language: Assembly

Platform: MS IIS Server

File Type: ida

Infection Length:

Reported Cost: $2.75 Billion

Name: Blaster

Description: The system will receive code that exploits a DCOM RPC vulnerability (described in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS03-026) from the Blaster worm on an already infected computer coming through TCP port 135. There is an 80% chance that the worm will send exploit code specific to Windows XP an 20% that it will be specific to Windows 2000. If the exploit code does not match the system, the RPC subsystem will fail. On Windows XP and Server 2003, this causes a system reboot. In Windows 2000 and NT 4.0, this causes the system to be unresponsive.
Type: Internet Worm

Creator/Author:

Date Discovered: 2003.08.11

Place of Origin: Unknown*

Source of Language: C

Platform: Ms Windows

File Type: .exe

Infection Length: 6,176 bytes

Reported Cost: $320 million

Name: Morris

Description: was one of the very first worms ever made. It was quite an infamous achievement for malware created by a Cornell graduate student because it ultimately led to its creator's conviction under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (Morris was the first man convicted under that act, in fact).
Type: Internet worm

Creator/Author: Robert Morris, Jr.

Date Discovered: 1988.11.02

Place of Origin:

Source of Language: C

Platform: BSD, SunOS

File Type:

Infection Length:

Reported Cost: $1 million

Name: Welchia

Description: This is believed to be one of the most peculiar worms in computer history because it was developed by a white hat hacker to actually clear out the ever-growing Blaster worm infection before deleting itself. In effect, it can be considered the first (and probably only) positive, non-malignant worm ever created.
Type: Worm

Creator/Author: [unknown]

Date Discovered: 2003.08.18

Place of Origin: China ( but not so sure) http://www.crime-research.org/news/2003/08/Mess2201.html

Source of Language: C++

Platform: Ms Windows

File Type: .exe

Infection Length: 12800 bytes

Reported Cost: ?

Name: Elk Cloner

Description: This was a relatively harmless floppy disk virus written in 1982 by a high school student. It specifically targeted Apple II computers and it merely caused affected machines to show a poem written by its maker on every fiftieth boot.
Type: Boot sector virus

Creator/Author: Richard Skrenta

Date Discovered: 1982

Place of Origin: Mount Lebanon, PA, USA

Source of Language: Assembly

Platform: Apple II

File Type:

Infection Length:

Reported Cost: $31.7 million.

Koncepto Ethernethra

 WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING or CLOUD APPLICATION?

Cloud computing is using internet connectivity to access computing services not present locally. An example of this would be Dropbox, or Google Docs. In a sense, Steam would also be an example of cloud computing, as would Facebook and other social media.

Cloud computing would ordinarily not be installed per se on a personal computer, but a client can be installed on a personal computer to gain access to cloud computing.

Security is an issue, as is data lock-in. There's no layperson explanation available there - it would concern such things as cryptography (both symmetric and asymmetric) and various cryptographic attacks.

If a computer using a cloud based service gets disconnected, there are two ways this can be handled. Either the computer starts buffering data (in order to transfer them once connectivity is restored - Dropbox does this for instance), or the computer shuts down the service (because connectivity is interrupted - Facebook does this).

Cloud computing isn't necessarily _web based_ per se, it is actually based on _internet connectivity_. Two different things, though the difference is usually too subtle for a layperson to discern, so I won't go into detail there.

The 7 Layers of the OSI Model

Application (Layer 7)

This layer supports application and end-user processes. Communication partners are identified, quality of service is identified, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are identified. Everything at this layer is application-specific. This layer provides application services for file transfers, e-mail, and other network software services. Telnet and FTP are applications that exist entirely in the application level. Tiered application architectures are part of this layer.

Presentation (Layer 6)

This layer provides independence from differences in data representation (e.g., encryption) by translating from application to network format, and vice versa. The presentation layer works to transform data into the form that the application layer can accept. This layer formats and encrypts data to be sent across a network, providing freedom from compatibility problems. It is sometimes called the syntax layer.

Session (Layer 5)

This layer establishes, manages and terminates connections between applications. The session layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogues between the applications at each end. It deals with session and connection coordination.

Transport (Layer 4)

This layer provides transparent transfer of data between end systems, or hosts, and is responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control. It ensures complete data transfer.

Network (Layer 3)

This layer provides switching and routing technologies, creating logical paths, known as virtual circuits, for transmitting data from node to node. Routing and forwarding are functions of this layer, as well as addressing, internetworking, error handling, congestion control and packet sequencing.

Data Link (Layer 2)

At this layer, data packets are encoded and decoded into bits. It furnishes transmission protocol knowledge and management and handles errors in the physical layer, flow control and frame synchronization. The data link layer is divided into two sub layers: The Media Access Control (MAC) layer and the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer. The MAC sub layer controls how a computer on the network gains access to the data and permission to transmit it. The LLC layer controls frame synchronization, flow control and error checking.

Physical (Layer 1)

This layer conveys the bit stream - electrical impulse, light or radio signal -- through the network at the electrical and mechanical level. It provides the hardware means of sending and receiving data on a carrier, including defining cables, cards and physical aspects. Fast Ethernet, RS232, and ATM are protocols with physical layer components.

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Philippine Internet Comparison

 PLTD DSL

Test results:
Latency:  125ms
Download Speed:  332Kbps
Upload Speed:  245Kbps

SmartBro Canopy

Test results:
Latency:  230ms
Download Speed:  409Kbps
Upload Speed:  235Kbps

SmartBro Sharelt

Testing results:
Latency:  315ms
Download Speed:  1.71 Mbps
Upload Speed:  417 Kbps